英语中的动词非常重要,掌握动词的基本用法和变形,使得英语的学习事半功倍。下面小编告诉你英语动词变形用法,大家一起来看看吧!
英语动词变形用法:
大多数以“t”结尾的不规则动词,过去式、过去分词和原型一样。称之为英语动词变形用法型。
Let-let-let
cut-cut-cut
put-put-put
hit-hit-hit
rid-rid-rid
set-set-set
hurt-hurt-hurt
cast-cast-cast
cost –cost-cost
read-read-read
shut-shut-shut
burst-burst-burst
split-split-split
sweat-sweat-sweat
thrust-thrust-thrust
spread-spread-spread
broadcast-broadcast-broadcast
[图片0]
原型与过去式相同,但与过去分词不同,AAB型
beat-beat-beaten
原型与过去分词相同,ABA型
come-came-come
become-became-become
run-ran-run
原型、过去式、过去分词都不同的动词,称为ABC型
see-saw-seen
begin-began-begun
drink-drank-drunk
ring-rang-rung
sing-sang-sung
sink-sank-sunk
fly-flew-flown
swim-swam-swum
know-knew-known
show-showed-shown
blow-blew-blown
grow-grew-grown
draw-drew-drawn
drive-drove-driven
rise-rose-risen
take-took-taken
write-wrote-writen
ride-rode-ridden
hide-hid-hidden
eat-ate-eaten
fall-fell-fallen
break-broke-broken
steal-stole-stolen
speak-spoke-spoken
choose-chose-chosen
freeze-froze-frozen
forget-forgot-forgotten
let用法三注意:
注意一:用作使役动词,表示“让”,其后接不定式的复合结构时,不定式不带 to。如:
Let me have a try. 我来试一试。
Let me pay for myself. 让我自己来付我的那份钱。
If you want help, let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助,告诉我,好吗?
注意二:用作宾语补足语的动词与副词连用时,若意思明确,往往省略动词而只保留副词。如:
Let him (come) in. 让他进来。
Let her (pass) by. 让她过去。
注意三:let 很少用于被动语态。在被动语态中可改用 allow或其他表达。如:
After questioning he was allowed to go home. 经过问讯后,他得到允许,可以回家。
leave的三个意思与三类搭配:
1. 表示“离开”,注意以下用法:
(1) 表示离开某地,leave为及物动词,后面可直接跟表示地点的名词,不要按汉语习惯在其后用from或off。如:
他离开这个国家已经两年了。
误:It is two years since he left from the country.
正:It is two years since he left the country.
另外,汉语说“离开”,英语用leave就行了,不要将其直译为leave away。
(2) 表示离开去某地,其后一般接介词for(通常不用to),表示方向。如:
They are leaving for Paris. 他们要去巴黎了。
The plane leaves Heathrow for Orly at . 飞机于12点35分离开希思罗机场飞往奥利。
2. 表示“留下”,注意带双宾语的用法:
(1) 表示给某人留下某物,此时若双宾语交换位置,用介词 for引出间接宾语。如:
The left me no food.=They left no food for me. 他们没有给我留下食物。
Someone left you this note.=Someone left this note for you. 有人给你留下了这张条子。
(2) 表示某人死后留下某物,此时若双宾语交换位置,用介词to引出间接宾语。如:
My aunt left me a large fortune.=My aunt left a large fortune to me. 我姑妈死后给我留下一大笔财产。
3. 表示“交给”“留给”“让(处于某种状态)”等,注意以下句型:
(1) 用于 leave sth to [with] sb, 意为“把某物交给(委托给)某人”。如:
You’d better leave the matter to [with] me. 你最好把这事交给我办。
I’ll leave everything to [with] you then. 那么我就把一切都交给你了。
(2) 用于 leave sb to do sth, 意为“让某人去做某事”。如:
He left me to wash the clothes. 他让我去洗衣服。
She left me to take care of her baby. 她托我照看她的婴儿。
(3) 用于 leave sb doing sth, 意为“让某人做某事(处于做某事的状态中)”。如:
His letter left me feeling pretty bad. 他的信让我感到很难受。
They walked off and left me sitting there all by myself. 他们走开了,让我孤零零一个人坐在那儿。
mention的相关惯用法与惯用语:
1. 是及物动词,后接宾语时无需用任何介词。如:
不要在孩子们面前提及此事。
误:Don’t mention about it before the children.
正:Don’t mention it before the children.
2. 其后习惯上不接双宾语。如:
他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。
误:He never mentioned me his girl friend.
正:He never mentioned his girl friend to me.
正:He never mentioned to me that he had a girl friend.
3. 若后接动词作宾语,该动词要用动名词,不用不定式。如:
我妻子提起她几天前看见了你。
正:My wife mentioned to see you the other day.
正:My wife mentioned seeing you the other day.
4. 口语中说 Don’t mention it. 主要用来回答感谢,有时也用来回答道歉。如:
A:Thank you very much. 多谢你了。
B:Don’t mention it. 不客气。
A:I’m sorry to have troubled you. 对不起打扰你了。
B:Don’t mention it. 没关系。
5. 用于 not to mention, 意为“更不用说”“还不算”“除……之外”。如:
There’re ten of us ready to help, not to mention the children. 我们有10个人愿意帮忙,还不算小孩。
He has two big houses in this country, not to mention his villa in France. 除了在法国的别墅外,他在这个国家还拥有两栋大房子。